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09006_Field_TCGG T771.txt
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1996-04-10
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back up their aspirations. Finally, if their nationalistic
members are successful, and a new or old state
organization is put into their service, then at last the
nation has become sovereign, and a nation-state has
come into being.
Carlton Hayes has made it plain that there was no
nationalism before the Renaissance, and we have now seen
enough of the character of print technology to know why this
should be so. For if print made the vernaculars into mass
media, they also constituted a means of central government
control of society beyond anything that even the Romans had
known with papyrus and alphabet and paved roads. But the
very nature of print creates two conflicting interests as
between producers and consumers, and between rulers and
ruled. For print as a form of centrally organized mass